TNO is a Dutch independent research institute with the mission to connect people and knowledge to create innovations that boost the sustainable competitive strength of industry and the well-being of society. TNO has some 2800 employees and generates a turnover of 531 MEuro. TNO conducts research in order to achieve impact on the following five themes: Healthy Living, Industry, Energy, Urbanisation, and Defence, Safety and Security. By translating scientific knowledge into practical applications, TNO contributes to the innovation capacity of businesses and government. TNO is involved in many international projects (about 30% of the market turnover), including EU-funded collaborations. In the theme Industry, applied research is carried out for a wide range of industrial branches. The expertise covers the whole process from basic (material) research, design and engineering to manufacturing and testing of products and systems. The focus is on innovation in the areas of high-tech systems and materials, smart industry, the sustainable chemical industry and space applications. One of the largest markets is that of semiconductor equipment.